Nazarbaev Ýniversitettiń professory, Kolýmbiia ýniversitetiniń tarih ǵylymdary boiynsha Ph.D doktory Iýlai Shámiloǵly Atyraýda ótip jatqan «Ulyq ulys – Altyn Orda» halyqaralyq ǵylymi-praktikalyq konferentsiiada Saraishyq týraly álem ǵalymdarynyń ne jazǵany jaiynda málimet berdi, dep habarlaidy QazAqparat tilshisi.
«Saraishyqtyń 13-14 ǵasyrlardaǵy ornyn jaqsyraq túsiný úshin men Altyn Orda territoriiasyndaǵy otyryqshy ortalyqtar týraly ne biletinimizdi jazbasha derekkózderde tekserýdi usynamyn. Meniń oiymsha, Saraishyq týraly jazbasha aqparatty Abý-l-Fidanyń «Taqvim-ál-býldan» dep atalatyn geografiialyq eńbeginen tabýǵa bolady. Ol Altyn Orda territoriiasynyń keibir otyryqshy ortalyqtaryna qysqasha sholý jasaǵan», - dep bastady ǵalym «Altyn Orda qalalary jáne Saraishyq» atty baiandamasyn.
Onyń málimeti boiynsha Saraishyq týraly eń alǵashqy tolyqqandy derekter Italiia jazýshysy Francesco Balducci Pegolotti jazǵan Pratica della Mercatura deitin eńbekte berilgen.
«Joǵaryda keltirilgen Saraishyq týraly aitylmaityn arab derekkózderine qaraǵanda, sol kezdegi saýda joldary týraly, onyń ishinde qurlyq pen sý joldary týraly mańyzdy aqparatty, ádette, Italiia jazýshysy Francesco Balducci Pegolotti jazǵan Pratica della Mercatura nemese «Saýda týraly anyqtama» dep atalatyn mańyzdy taýarlyq anyqtamalyqtan tabýǵa bolady. Ol 1335 jáne 1343 jyldar aralyǵynda qurastyrylǵan dep esepteledi. Biraq onyń keibir dáleldemeleri burynǵy kezeńge qatysty degen boljam bar. Pegolottidiń aitýynsha, Tanadan Astrahanǵa deiingi jol ógizben 25 kún, biraq atpen 10-12 kún jáne bul jolda qarýly adamdar bar. Astrahannan Saraiǵa deiin ózenmen júrse, bir kún ketetini aitylǵan. Saraidan Saraishyqqa deiin 8 kúndik ózen jolymen júrýge bolady. Ol qurlyqta nemese sý arqyly júre alady, biraq sý joly arzanyraq. Saraishyqtan Úrgenishke deiin túiemen 20 kún júrýge bolady, al Pegolotti saýdagerlerge arnaiy bazar bolǵandyqtan sol jaqqa barýǵa keńes beredi. Sodan keiin Úrgenishten Otyrarǵa deiin arbaly túielermen 35-40 kúndik jol júredi. Biraq Úrgenishte isi joqtar úshin Otyrarǵa 50 kúndik tikelei baǵyt bar. Pegolottidiń bul baǵyttaǵy sipattamasy Otyrardan Almalyq, Kansý men Qytaiǵa baratyn jolmen jalǵasady. Osylaisha, biz 14 ǵasyrdyń ortasynda jazba derekkózderde Saraishyq týraly aitylǵanyn kóremiz», - dedi ǵalym.
Iýlai Shámiloǵly Saraishyq jeri mońǵol dáýirine deiin de qasietti jerleý orny bolýy múmkin degen boljam aitty.
«Ol mońǵolǵa deiingi jáne mońǵol dáýirindegi saýda joldarynyń boiynda mańyzdy ról atqarǵan bolýy kerek. Bul Iaiyq ózeniniń qiylysynda uzaq ýaqyt boiy qonys bolǵanyn kórsetedi. 13 ǵasyrdyń ekinshi jartysynda, 14 ǵasyrdyń birinshi jartysynda Saraishyqqa aldymen Sarai Batý, keiin Sarai Berke kóleńke túsirdi. Biraq 15 ǵasyrdyń basynda bastap, Saraishyq aimaqtyq mańyzdy ortalyqqa jáne noǵailar men qazaq handary astanasyna ainaldy», - dedi AQSh tarihshysy.
