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Joldasqali Dosmuhambetovtiń týǵanyna 100 jyl

Eń alǵash 1899 jyly Atyraý (Gýrev) oblysy Qarashúńgilde munai alynǵannan bas­tap qazirgi kún­ge deiin munaishylardyń bir­neshe urpaǵynyń jankeshti eń­begi­niń arqasynda munai-gaz óndi­risi elimizdegi jetekshi salaǵa ainaldy.

Táýelsiz Qazaqstannyń jas urpaǵy bul salany qalyp­tas­tyrý­dyń bastaýynda turǵandardyń eńbegin bilýi tiis.

Qyrkúiek aiynda alǵashqy qazaq injener-munaishylardyń biri, talantty geolog, iri uiymdastyrýshy jáne munai-gaz salasynyń negizin qalaýshy Joldasqali Ahmetuly Dosmuhambetovtiń dúniege kel­genine 100 jyl tolady.

1956 jyldyń jazynda men 16 jas­qa tolyp, Atyraý (Gýrev) ob­lysy Maqat aýdany­nyń orta­lyǵy Dossorda orna­las­qan avtomobil, traktor, munai qural-jabdyǵyn jóndeý jáne shyǵarý zaýytyna ustanyń kómekshisi bolyp ornalas­tym. Zaýyt «Embimunai» kombinatynyń quramyna kiretin.

1957 jyly kóktemde bizdiń zaýyt­qa jaqynda ǵana «Embimunai» kombina­ty­nyń bastyǵy bolyp taǵaiyndalǵan J.Dosmuhambetov keldi. Joldasqali Ahmetuly tsehtarmen tanysa kelip, men jumys jasaityn mehanikalyq tsehty da qarap ótti. Óndirispen jan-jaqty tanysý, naqty suraqtar men tujyrymdy jaýaptar tseh eńbekkerlerine jyly áser qaldyrdy. Keiinirek onyń bergen ýádeleriniń bári aitylǵan merziminde oryndalyp jatty. Bul meniń ataqty tulǵamen birinshi ret tanysýym edi.

Men zaýytta jumysty keshki jumys­shy jastar mektebi jáne munai tehni­kýmynda oqýymmen ushtastyra otyryp, 5 jyl usta bolyp jasadym. Sodan soń Más­keý­degi I.M.Gýbkin atyndaǵy munai-himiia jáne gaz óndirisi institýtyna túsip, 1966 jyldyń jazynda támamdadym. Odan injener-mehanik diplomyn alyp, óz zaýytyma qaityp oraldym. Meni injener-konstrýktor jáne bas mehaniktiń mindetin ýaqytsha atqarýshy etip taǵaiyndady, al bir aidan keiin basqa jumysqa jiberilgen zaýyt­tyń bas injeneriniń mindetin at­qarýdy júktedi. Úsh aidan keiin meni «Embimunai» kombinatynyń bas inje­neri I.Dimentmanmen sói­lesýge shaqyr­dy. Jan-jaqty sói­leskennen keiin ol meni J.Dosmuhambetovke apardy.

Joldasqali Ahmetuly meni jyly qabyldap, jumys jaiyn surastyrdy, Isaak Naýmovichke qarap, «ol munaishylar áýletiniń ókili, onyń ákesi – 1911 jyly Qazaqstanda Dossor ken ornynda al­ǵash munai ónerkásibi bas­tal­ǵanda «Aǵaiyndy Nobelder seriktestigi» munai kompaniiasynda beseýi eńbek jolyn bastaǵan jeti aǵaiyndynyń eń kishisi. Olar­dyń barlyǵy belgili munaishy boldy», dep jatty. Áńgime sońynda Joldasqali Ahmetuly «Seni zaýyttyń bas injeneri etip taǵa­iyn­daimyn» dep, bul qyz­met­tiń avtomobil, traktor jáne munai qural-jabdyqtaryn ýaq­ty­ly jáne sapaly shyǵarýdaǵy joǵa­ry jaýapkershiligine toqtala ketti. Sońynda meniń artylǵan senimdi aqtap, ata-babalaryńyzdyń kirshiksiz abyroiyn arttyra túse­tinime úmit artatynyn jetkizdi.

1968 jyldyń qarasha aiynda meni obkom partiianyń uiymdastyrý bóliminiń meńgerýshisi M.Tájin sha­qyrdy. Belgi­lengen ýaqytta Muham­­betqazy Qaýys­uly­nyń kabi­neti­ne kirdim, men ony bas­pasóz arqyly jaqsy tanitynmyn, biraq, birin­shi ret kezdesýimiz. Ol da jyly aman­dasyp, jumysym, ata-anam, otbasy jóninde surap jatty.

Shaqyrý sebebin aita otyryp, Mań­ǵys­taý óńiriniń damý qarqyny, onda iri jylý-energetikalyq keshe­nin qurý jos­pary jáne soǵan bailanysty Jańaózen aýdanyn qurý jóninde qysqasha toqtal­dy. Mańǵystaý túbegi Búkil­odaq­tyq komsomol qurylysy dep jariia­lanǵan edi, oǵan KSRO-nyń túkpir-túkpirinen túrli ult­tyń jastary aǵylatyn bolady, sol sebepti, aýdandyq komsomol komitetiniń birinshi hatshylyǵy qyzmetine mu­nai­shy jáne komsomoldyq jumys tájiribesi bar maman retin­de seni jiberý jóninde sheshim qabyl­dap otyrmyz. Meniń kelisi­mim­di alǵannan keiin ol kisi meni oblys­tyq partiia komitetiniń birinshi hatshysy M.Isenovke alyp bardy.

Qysqasha sóileskennen keiin, Muham­bet Aitýuly «Qazaq­stanmunai» birles­tigi­niń bastyǵy J.Dosmuhambetovke qońy­raý shalyp, meni jýyrda quryl­ǵan Jańa­ózen aýdanyna komsomol jumy­syna jumsaý jóninde sheshim qa­byl­danǵanyn jetkizdi.

Osylaisha Mańǵystaýdaǵy kom­somol­dyq jumysym bastaldy. Budan keiingi komsomol jáne partiia organdaryndaǵy jumystarymda Joldasqali Ahmet­ulynyń tabys­ty isterine kóz jetkizip, ol jaiyn­da kóptegen maqtaýlar estidim.

Bul tańǵajaiyp ýaqyt bolatyn, Kaspii mańynyń sýsyz shóleit dalasy kóz aldymyzda ózgerip jatty. Embi, ásirese, Mańǵystaý munai kenishteri jyldam qarqynmen igerildi. Joldar, munai jáne gaz ken oryndaryna baratyn kirý jol­­dary, joǵary voltty tok jeli­leri, sý jáne munai qubyrlary saly­nyp, dalalyqta burǵylaý qon­dyr­ǵylary paida bolyp, munai uń­ǵymalary boi túzei bas­tady. Tez arada jańadan qurylǵan aýdan ortalyǵy Jańaózen, Jetibai, Eraliev eldi mekenderi, taǵy bas­qalar boi kóterdi. Olardyń bar­lyǵy, negizinen munai-gaz salasy mekemeleriniń balansynda boldy. KSRO-nyń túkpir-túkpirinen maman munaishylar aǵyla bastady, olardyń basym bóligi komsomol jastar bolatyn. Jumysqa orna­lastyrý, kásibi daiarlyq, son­dai-aq, bas­pana jaǵdaiyn sheshý mu­nai kásipshiligi basshylyǵynyń quzyrynda edi.

Osyndai uly isterdiń basy-qasyn­da alǵashqylardyń biri bolyp J.Dosmuhambetovtiń júretindigi ańǵarylyp turatyn.

Bizdiń aimaqqa Joldasqali Ahmet­ulynyń shaqyrýymen KSRO munai-gaz salasynyń jetekshileri, merdiger jáne sýbmerdiger uiym­dar, sondai-aq, ǵylymi-zertteý ins­­ti­týttar basshylary jii kelip turatyn, sonyń arqasynda máse­le­ler­diń kópshiligi sol jerde jyldam sheshilip jatty. Tikelei nysandarda túrli jinalystar, oblystyń partiia-sharýashylyq aktivteriniń jiyndary ótip, mańyzdy óndiristik jáne áleýmettik máseleler talqy­lanyp turdy.

J.Dosmuhambetov Qazaq­­stan Kom­partiiasy Ortalyq komi­tetiniń jáne oblystyq partiia komi­tetiniń múshe­si, Qazaq KSR Joǵar­ǵy Keńesiniń jáne halyq depýtattary oblystyq keńe­siniń depýtaty retinde pleným, ak­tiv, sessiialarda munai-gaz salasy damýy­nyń sheshimin kútken aspektilerin, son­dai-aq, munaishylardyń áleý­met­tik máse­le­lerin qozǵady. Onyń sóz­­deri únemi qysqalyǵymen, maz­muny­­men jáne qandai synǵa da tótep beretin jan-jaq­tylyǵymen erek­­shelenetin. Joldasqali Ahmet­uly­nyń este saqtaý qabileti keremet edi, geologiia men munai óndi­rý úde­risin búge-shigesine deiin biletin.

1975 jyldyń kókteminde, men ol kezde Mahambet aýdandyq partiia komitetiniń birinshi hatshysy qyzmetin atqaramyn, komitettiń kezekti biýrosynyń otyrysynda «Jaiyqmunai» munai-gaz óndirý basqarmasy basshylyǵynyń Martyshi ken ornyndaǵy munai óndi­rý­di ulǵaitý boiynsha jumy­sy» jónindegi másele qara­latyn boldy. Ol kezde atalǵan kenishte oblysqa tiesili munaidyń 60 paiyzy óndiriletin jáne onyń kólemin ulǵaitý aýdannyń ǵana emes, oblys­tyń da ekonomikasyna eleýli yq­palyn tigizetin. Quramyna Isa­tai aýdany da kiretin Mahambet aýdanynyń aýmaǵy oblystaǵy eń úlkeni bolatyn. Mundaǵy Begaidar, Daraimola, basqa da ýchaskelerde izdeý-barlaý burǵylaý jumystary júrgiziletin. Biýroǵa daiyndyq jumystaryn júrgize otyryp, men ol kezde «Embimunai» birles­tiginiń bas geology bolyp jasaityn Jol­dasqali Ahmetulyna aqyl-keńes alý úshin arnaiy bardym. Meni sonda onyń oblystyń negizgi munai-gaz ken oryndarynyń sipattamasyn búge-shigesine deiin biletini tańǵaldyrǵan.

J.Dosmuhambetovpen sońǵy jáne júrekjardy áńgime­lesýim 1977 jyldyń naýryzynda meni Gýrev qalalyq partiia komi­tetiniń birinshi hatshysy etip sailaǵannan keiin boldy. Bir aptadan keiin «Embimunai» bir­les­tiginiń partiia jinalysyna qatysýy kerek edi. Jinalys bas­talǵanǵa deiin izet saqtap, Jol­dasqali Ahmetulyna kirip shyq­tym. Ol meni óz kabinetinde qabyl­dap, jańa jumysymmen qut­tyq­tap, toǵyz jyl burynǵy meni kom­somol jumysyna jiberer kez­degi obkomnyń birinshi hatshysy M.Isenovpen áńgimeni esime túsir­di. J.Dosmuhambetov óziniń týyp-ósken Rakýsha poselkesi, mek­tebi, meniń ákemmen jáne onyń aǵalarymen jaqsy tanys ákesi Ahmet pen anasy Baljan jai­ly erekshe jylylyqpen eske alyp otyrdy. Onyń ata-anasy Rakýsha­daǵy ózderiniń sharýa qoja­lyq­tarymen 1917 jylǵa deiin aina­lys­­qan, odan keiin ákesi Ahmet qyz­metker bolyp aýysady, onyń atqarǵan sońǵy qyzmeti – Gýrev okrý­gtik atqarý komitetiniń is meń­gerý­shiligi. Ol 1935 jyly qaitys bolǵan.

Joldasqali Ahmetuly bala­lyq shaǵyn­da alǵan áserimen bóli­sip, Rakýshada 1913 jyldan beri jumys isteitin Dossor men Maqat kenishterinen óndirilgen mu­nai­dy túiemen tasymaldap munai óńdeý zaýytyna jetkizetin, al Dossor ken ornynan zaýytqa deiin 60 shaqyrym, odan ári teńiz qairańy­men munai ónimderin kemege tiep, Astrahanǵa jiberý úshin taǵy da 15 shaqyrym munai qubyrynyń qury­lysy jóninde áńgimelegen. Sol jerde, munai tasymaldaýda osy óńirde týyp-ósken meniń ákelerim de eńbek joldaryn bastaǵan edi.

1977 jyldyń jeltoqsan aiynda osy bir ǵajap jan ómirden ótti.

J.Dosmuhambetovtiń ómir joly kelesi urpaqqa úlgi bolý­­ǵa laiyq. Ol 1916 jyly Kas­pii teńiziniń jaǵalaýynda, Gýrev ob­lysy Maqat aýdanynyń shaǵyn Rakýsha eldi mekeninde dúnie­ge keldi. Onyń balalyq jáne jastyq shaǵy, basqa da qatar­las­tary siiaq­ty, HH ǵasyrdyń basyndaǵy  aýyr jyldarda ótti. Onyń bilimge degen qushtarlyǵy zor boldy. Munai óndirisiniń kirispesin úiret­ken Dossor fabrika-zaýyt ýchili­shesi­nen keiin munai tehnikýmynda oqýyn jalǵastyryp, 3-kýrsty aiaqtaǵan soń «Embimunai» tresi ony Máskeýdegi I.M.Gýbkin atyn­daǵy munai institýtyna jiberdi. 1940 jyly atalǵan institýtty úzdik bitirip, injener-geolog mamandyǵyn alǵan soń týǵan ólke­sine oraldy.

Bar-joǵy 24 jasynda Jol­das­qali Ahmetuly Baishonas munai óndirisiniń bas geology bolyp taǵaiyndalyp, 1954 jylǵa deiin jaýapty qyzmetterdi, atap aitqanda, «Embimunai» kombinaty bas geologynyń orynbasary, Baishonas óndirisi direktory, «Qazmunaibarlaý» tresi basshysy, Maqat óndirisiniń bas geology, Qulsary óndirisiniń direktory qyzmetterin atqardy. 1951-1953 jyldary KSRO Máskeý munai ónerkásibi akademiia­synda oqydy. 1957 jyldan 1971 jylǵa deiin 14 jyl boiyna «Qazaqstanmunai» bir­lestigin basqardy, al 1971 jyldan bas­­tap densaýlyq jaǵdaiyna bailanysty bas geolog qyzmetine aýystyrylyp, onda ómiri­niń sońyna deiin eńbek etti.

J.Dosmuhambetov 35 jyl boiyna kóptiń igiligi úshin adal da ónimdi eńbek etti, Qazaqstan munai-gaz salasynyń negizin qalaýshylardyń biri boldy. Joǵary deńgeili kásipqoi geolog jáne isker basshy retinde ol elimizdiń batys aimaqtaryndaǵy ondaǵan munai-gaz ken oryndarynyń ashylýy men igerilýiniń bastaýynda turdy. Ol HH ǵasyrdyń alyp ken orny – Teńizdi tuńǵysh ashýshy jáne onyń atyn qoiýshy.

J.Dosmuhambetovtiń tusynda onyń bastamasymen munai-gaz salasyna kóptegen jańalyqtar engizildi. Alǵash ret KSRO-da 1941 jyly Baishonas kenishinde eki jáne odan da artyq qabattardy ortaq óńdeý, suiyqty jyldamdata irikteý jáne qosymsha atqylatý ádisteri bastal­dy, al 1943 jyly Dossor kenishinde qabat­tarǵa kóldete sý aidaý arqyly munai alýdyń ekinshi ádisi engizilip, 1947 jyly uńǵymalardy burǵylaýdyń týrbinalyq ádisi igerildi.

1950 jyldardyń sońy men 1960 jyl­dardyń basynda izdestirý jumystarynyń aiasyna buryn zerttelmegen aimaqtar, atap ait­qanda, ońtústik Mańǵystaý endi. Oǵan Embide jumys jasap jat­qan mamandar shaqyryldy. Iri qala­lardan, temirjol jáne sý jol­darynan shalǵai, elsiz-sýsyz dala jaǵdaiynda qysqa merzim ishinde jańa iri ońtústik Mańǵystaý munai-gaz basseini ashyldy.

1956 jyldyń 25 jeltoqsanynda KSRO Ministrler keńesiniń qaýlysymen «Qazaqstanmunai» birlestiginiń qura­mynda Fort-Shevchenko qalasynda or­na­lasqan «Mańǵyshlaqmunaibarlaý» tresi quryldy. Trest ońtústik Mań­ǵys­taý aýmaǵynda munai men gazdy iz­deýge jáne barlaýǵa arnalǵan ju­mys­­taryn 1957 jyldyń sáýir aiynda bas­tady.

Mańǵystaýdaǵy alǵashqy bur­ǵylaý agregaty 1958 jyldyń naý­ryz aiynda Tiýbedjik qabatynda pai­dalanýǵa berildi. Sol jyldyń jazynda Qyzan jáne Kýsainik alańdarynda tereń burǵylaý bas­taldy. 1959 jyldyń qańtarynda Jeti­baida, 1961 jyldyń sáýirinde Ózen­de tereń burǵylaý bastaldy. 1961 jyl­dyń mamy­rynda jartyaraldyń túrli alań­darynda ornalasqan bes júie tereń bar­laý-burǵylaýmen qamtyldy.

1961 jyly Ózen qabatynda munai men gazdyń alǵashqy fontany atqylady, bul munaily Mańǵystaýdy igerý tarihyn­daǵy úlken munaidyń baryn dáleldegen alǵashqy oqiǵa edi. Osy jyly Jetibai júiesindegi №6 barlaý uńǵymasynan da munai fontany alyndy. Osylaisha, bir mezgilde eki iri ken orny Ózen men Jeti­bai ashyldy. Mańǵystaý munaiy jaily habar Máskeýge ǵana emes, KSRO-dan da asyp, Odaqta jańa iri munai aimaǵynyń paida bolǵany jaiynda aitylyp jatty.

J.Dosmuhambetovke tán qa­sietterdiń biri, menińshe, ol kisiniń bastaǵan isin sońyna deiin jetkizetini bolsa kerek. Ol joǵary turǵan sharýashy­lyq, partiia-keńes organdaryna tiisti qaý­ly shyǵarý qajettigin dáleldei bile­tin.

Sirá, Joldasqali Ahmetuly­nyń jeke basynyń qasietteri, myz­ǵymas bedeli óz eńbeginiń aqyr­ǵy nátijesin kórýge, oǵan senim bildirilip, ol kótergen máse­le­ler­diń qoldaýǵa ie bolýyna sep­tigin tigizgen de bolar.

Elimizdiń munai-gaz salasyn damytý­ǵa sińirgen erekshe eńbegi men qosqan úlesi úshin ol Lenin, Oktiabr Revoliýtsiiasy, eki márte Eńbek Qyzyl Tý, «Qurmet Bel­gisi» orden­derimen jáne basqa da tósbel­giler­men marapattaldy.

J.Dosmuhambetov ońtústik Mań­­ǵys­­­taý­daǵy munai-gaz provin­tsiia­­­syn ashyp, Jetibai jáne Ózen ken oryn­daryn barlaǵany úshin Lenindik syilyq­tyń (1966) laý­reaty boldy. Atyraý (Gýrev) oblysynda Teńiz airyqsha ken ornyn ashqany úshin Memleket­tik syi­lyqtyń laýreaty (1994 jyly qait­qannan keiin) ataǵy berildi. Munai-gaz salasyn damytýǵa qosqan úlesi úshin Joldas­qali Ahmetulyna «KSRO qurmetti munai­shysy» (1971) jáne «QazKSR eńbek sińir­gen mu­nai­shysy» (1966) ataǵy berildi.

Qazaqstan Táýelsizdiginiń 25 jyly ishinde Prezident N.Á.Nazarbaevtyń dana jáne kóregen saiasatynyń arqasynda mu­nai-gaz salasy el ekonomikasyndaǵy jetek­­shi salalardyń birine ainaldy. Táýel­siz Qazaqstannyń qalyptasý jyldaryn­da alǵashqy investorlardyń biri, tanymal munai kompaniiasy «Shevronnyń» (AQSh) qatysýymen 1993 jyl­dyń sáýir aiynda birlesken Qazaq­stan-Amerika kásiporny – «Teńizshevroil» quryl­dy. J.Dos­mu­ham­betovtiń tikelei qatysýy­men ashylǵan «Teńiz» iri ken orny «Teńiz­shevroil» JShS ujymy alǵa qoiyl­ǵan mindetterdi tabys­ty oryn­­dap, eli­miz­degi aldyńǵy qatarly kom­paniia­lar­dyń birine ainalyp otyr. 2015 jyly tek qana osy ken ornynda óndirilgen qara al­tyn kólemi 27 mln tonnadan asty.

Respýblikadaǵy munai óndirý kólemi keńestik kezeńmen salystyr­ǵanda úsh esege artty. Osy jyldar ishinde elimizde shet tilin meńgerip, qazirgi zamanǵy tehnologiia men aldyńǵy qatarly basqarý ádisterin igergen kóptegen munaishy-maman­dar daiar­landy. Olardyń arasynda Joldasqali Ahmetuly men onyń jubaiy Nurzilanyń jeti ul-qyzy da bar, olardyń úsh birdei uly: Qobylan, Isatai men Mahambet I.M.Gýbkin atyndaǵy Máskeý munai institýtyn bitirgen munaishylar, ákeleriniń izin abyroimen jalǵastyryp keledi.

Ejelgi Rim saiasi qairatkeri, jazýshy jáne sheshen Mark Týllii Tsitseron jazǵandai, «qaitys bolǵan kisilerdiń ómiri tiri­­ler­diń jadynda jalǵasady». J.Dosmuhambetovtiń esimi men atqarǵan eńbeginiń nátijeleri el jadynda saqtalaryna kúmán joq.

Ravil ShYRDABAEV,

memleket jáne qoǵam qairatkeri

"Egemen Qazaqstan"