Qanshama talpynǵanmen, qanshama kúshin salǵanmen jetkilikti qylyp shkoldar ashýǵa úkimettiń shamasynan kelmeitindigi anyqtalyp otyr.
Qazaq respýblikasynda ashylatyn ár túrli shkoldarda, kitaphanalarda hám basqa oqý oryndarynda qyzmet qylatyn 2616 kisiniń ǵana rashodyn kótermekshi bolyp otyr. Biraq, oqý jumysyn jóndep júrgizip, balalardy tegis oqytýǵa 20 myńnan artyq kisi kerek. Bulardyń hám basqa rashodtary kerek.
Oqý jumysynyń shyǵyndarynyń kóbin úkimet oryndaryndaǵy jinalatyn ár túrli salyqtardan jumsańdar dep otyr. Bul týrada jumystyń kóbi gýbispolkomdardyń moinyna aýady, biraq olardyń da jarylqaýy, oqý jumysyna jetkilikti aqsha berýleri, halyqtyń bailyǵy, sharýanyń jaqsylyǵy hám salyq tez, túgelinen jinalýymen bailaýly nárse. Osyǵan qaraǵanda bul oryndarda jinalatyn salyqtarǵa senip otyrýǵa bolmaidy. Sengenmen gýbispolkomdar tezden asha alamaidy. Oqýdyń mezgili ótip bara jatyr, balalardyń bir jyl bolsa da oqýsyz qalýlary úlken ziian ekendigi belgili. Budan bylai uiqyny qoiý kerek. Endi bul jumysqa halyqtyń ózi kirispese bolmaidy.
Buryn Nikolai zamanynda birneshe jyl izdenip, shyǵyndanyp ashatyn shkoldy keńes úkimeti ózi-aq ashyńdar dep uran shaqyryp otyrǵanda, halyqtyń úndemei otyrýy zor aiyp, kúná. Shkoldyń rashodynan qashpai, burynǵy jaldap molda ustap bala oqytatyn rashodty moiyndaryna alyp, shkol ashýlary kerek. Bul jumysty aiaqqa bastyryp, oryndap, el arasyndaǵy oqyǵandardyń, ýchitel, muǵalimderdiń moiyndaryndaǵy zor mindet – shkoldy mynaý rettermen ashý kerek. Bir aýylnai ne bir bolys el kúsh biriktirip, baiǵa baisha, kedeige kedeishe úi basyna salyq salyp, sol jinalǵan salyqty oqytýshylardyń hám basqa qyzmetkerlerdiń aqysyna, shkoldyń kerek-jaraǵyna mindetti bolyp, jergilikti oqý bólimderimen «dogovor» jasap, shkol ashý kerek. Bul qalypta ashylǵan shkoldardyń oqytý, balalarǵa tárbie berý tártipterin syrttan oqý bólimderi baqylaýǵa tiis. Oqytýshylarǵa aqy «kásipshiler uiymy» belgilegen mólshermen beriledi. Salyq tólep oqýǵa shamasy kelmeitin kedei balalaryna birneshe oryn qaldyrý kerek, oqý quraldaryn: kitap, qaǵaz, qalam syqyldy nárselerdi jergilikti oqý bólimderi alýy tiis.
Aýyldyń jii jerinde balalar úilerinen kelip oqýǵa bolady, biraq aýyl sirek, ár jerde otyrǵan bolsa, qys kúni ásirese kiimi joq kedei balalary kelip oqýǵa óte qiyn. Sol sebepti balalar kóbirek aýyldarda shkoldyń qatar bólimderin ashý kerek. Bul qatar bólimderdiń rashody ortadaǵy shkolǵa dep elden jinaǵan salyqtan berilýi kerek. Bul syqyldy qatar bólimder ashýǵa, aýyldar óte sirek bolyp, aralary óte shalǵai bolsa, árine, balalar kelip oqýǵa bolmaidy, sonyń úshin shkoldyń janynan balalar jatyp oqityn úi (obshejitie) ne bolmasa internat ashylýy qajet. Internat ashylǵanda bai balalary óz tamaǵymen kelip jatyp, shamasy kelmeitin kedei balalaryna elden azyq-túlik jinap berip, sol úide jatqyzyp oqytý kerek. Mundai internat bolmasa kedei balalary oqi almaidy.
Joǵaryda aitylǵan boiynsha shkoldy bir aýylnai ne bir bolys el bolyp uiymdasyp ashpasa, jeke bir kisi, iaki birneshe kisi bolyp ashýǵa bolmaidy. Sebebi ondai shkoldardy ashýshylar menshiktenip, oqý-tárbie jumystaryn ózderiniń degeninshe júrgizýge tyrysyp, úkimettiń shkoldar haqynda shyǵarǵan jobalaryn, tártipterin qoldanbasqa múmkin. Sonyń úshin jergilikti oqý bólimderi bul jumysqa óte shuǵyl qaraýy kerek.
Ekinshi, aitylyp ótken rettermen el arasyndaǵy «kooperativ» hám basqa uiymdar shkol ashýǵa kirisýleri kerek.
Osy jumystardy ilgeri bastyrýǵa eldegi senimdi azamattar zor mindetti hám halyqtyń ózi de bul jumysqa salqyn kózben qaramai, shyǵatyn azyn-aýlaq shyǵynǵa kózdi jumyp jiberip kirisýleri kerek.
Ahmet Baitursynuly
«Qyzyl Qazaqstan» jýrnaly,
1923, fevral, № 14, 12-13-better.
