Qazaqstan Respýblikasynyń Prezidenti Qasym-Jomart Toqaev 2019 jylǵy 2 qyrkúiekte Qazaqstan halqyna joldaǵan «Syndarly qoǵamdyq dialog – Qazaqstannyń turaqtylyǵy men órkendeýiniń negizi» atty Joldaýynda elimizdi damýdyń jańa sapaly kezeńine shyǵarý múmkindigi berilip otyrǵanyn atap aitqan bolatyn.
Al, reformany, onyń ishinde ekonomikany reformalaýdy eldiń qoǵamdyq-saiasi ómirin jańǵyrtý arqyly ǵana icke asyrýǵa bolatynyna toqtaldy.
Memlekettiń qoǵamdyq-saiasi ómirinde azamattardyń óz oilary men ustanymdaryn jeke nemese toptasyp bildirýi erekshe oryn alady. Ol negizinen beibit jinalystar arqyly júzege asyrylady.
Bul álemde keńinen taralǵan jáne adam quqyqtary men bostandyqtaryna bailanysty halyqaralyq qujattarda sheshimin tapqan.
Qazaqstanda beibit jinalystardy uiymdastyrý jáne ótkizýge azamattyq qoǵam institýttary belsene aralasýda. Ol jyldan jylǵa san jáne sapalyq turǵydan ósip, kúsh alyp mańyzdy mánge ie bolyp keledi.
Bizdiń elimizde «Qazaqstan Respýblikasynda beibit jinalystar, mitingiler, sherýler, piketter jáne demonstratsiialar uiymdastyrý men ótkizý tártibi týraly» zań boldy. Ol memlekettiń táýelsizdik alǵan alǵashqy jyldarynda 1995 jyly 17 naýryzda memlekettiń qalyptasý kezeńinde qabyldanǵan bolatyn. Onyń qurylymdyq jáne mazmundyq sipattaǵy kemshilikterimen birge, ol qoǵamnyń búgingi damý deńgeiine, onyń suranystaryna tolyq sáikes kelmeitin edi.
Bunyń ózi azamattar men azamattyq qoǵam institýttary tarapynan narazylyq pen qoǵamda túsinispeýshiliktiń týýyna sebep bolyp, halyqaralyq uiymdar tarapynan da synǵa alyndy.
Osyǵan bailanysty Prezident Joldaýynda, mitingiler týraly zańnamany jetildirý týraly tapsyrma berildi. Onda «Eger beibit aktsiialar Zańnyń sheńberinen shyqpaityn jáne azamattarymyzdyń tynyshtyǵyn buzbaityn bolsa, buǵan túsinistikpen qarap, jiyndardy ótkizý úshin arnaiy oryn bólý qajet. Mundai oryndar qalanyń shetinde bolmaýy tiic» - dep atap kórsetildi.
Jańadan qabyldanǵan «Qazaqstan Respýblikasynda beibit jinalystardy uiymdastyrý jáne ótkizý tártibi týraly» zańy Prezident joldaýyn icke asyrýǵa jáne joǵaryda atalǵan olqylyqtardy túzeýge baǵyttalǵan. Zańnyń qoldanysta bolǵan burynǵy zańmen salystyrǵanda tujyrymdamalyq turǵydan da, osy saladaǵy týyndaityn qatynastardy retteýdiń quqyqtyq tetigi jóninen de kóp aiyrmashylyǵy bar.
Úsh taraýdan jáne 21 baptan turatyn zań Qazaqstan Respýblikasy azamattarynyń beibit jáne qarýsyz jinalyp beibit jinalystar ótkizý quqyǵyn icke asyrýǵa baǵyttalǵan qoǵamdyq qatynastardy retteidi.
Qazaqstan Respýblikasy Konstitýtsiiasynyń 32-babyna sáikes beibit ári qarýsyz jinalýǵa, jinalystar, mitingiler men demonstratsiialar, sherýler ótkizýge jáne tosqaýyldarǵa (piket) turýǵa Qazaqstan azamattary ǵana quqyly.
Bul máselede Konstitýtsiianyń eń joǵary zańdy kúshi baryn jáne Respýblikanyń búkil aýmaǵynda tikelei qoldanylatynyn eskerý kerek.
Zańda paidalanylatyn negizgi uǵymdarǵa túsinik berilgen. Olardyń ishinde, beibit jinalystardyń barlyq bes túrine, «qatysýshy», «uiymdastyrýshy», «arnaiy oryn» uǵymdary bar.
Uǵymdar túsinigi – zańdy qoldaný kezinde birkelilikti qamtamasyz etýge múmkindik beretin mańyzdy norma.
Zań – beibit jinalystar bostandyǵy quqyǵyn shekteý negizderin naqty aiqyndaǵan.
Ondai negizder qataryna: memlekettik qaýipsizdik, qoǵamdyq tártip, densaýlyq saqtaý, basqa adamdardyń quqyqtary men bostandyqtaryn qorǵaý kiredi. Budan basqa jaǵdailarda beibit jinalystardy shekteýge jol berilmeidi.
Atalǵan norma «Azamattyq jáne saiasi quqyqtar týraly» Halyqaralyq Paktige (21 bap) sai keledi.
Beibit jinalystardy uiymdastyrý jáne ótkizýdiń 6 qaǵidaty belgilengen. Sonyń biri – beibit jinalystar ótkizý paidasyna prezýmptsiia. Bul qaǵidat – beibit jinalystardy uiymdastyrý jáne ótkizýge qatysty memleket tarapynan usynylyp otyrǵan tyń jáne halyqaralyq tájiribege úndes bastama.
Taǵy bir erekshelik beibit jinalystardy uiymdastyrý jáne ótkizý úshin arnaiy oryndardy anyqtaýǵa bailanysty. Bul jerde, respýblikalyq mańyzy bar qalanyń, astananyń, aýdannyń (oblystyq mańyzy bar qalanyń) jergilikti ókildi organdary – máslihattarǵa úlken jaýapkershilik júkteidi.
Máslihattarǵa:
1) beibit jinalystardy uiymdastyrý jáne ótkizý úshin arnaiy oryndy;
2) arnaiy oryndardy paidalaný tártibin;
3) arnaiy oryndardy shekti toltyrý normalaryn;
4) arnaiy oryndardy materialdyq-tehnikalyq jáne uiymdastyrýshylyq qamtamasyz etýge qoiylatyn talaptardy;
5) piketteýdi ótkizýge tyiym salynǵan irgeles aýmaqtardyń shekarasyn aiqyndaý quqyǵy berilgen.
Beibit jinalystardy uiymdastyrý jáne ótkizý burynǵy ruqsat etý túrinen aralas nusqaǵa aýystyryldy. Iaǵni, piket, jinalys, miting nysanynda beibit jinalystar ótkizý habarlamalyq tártipte iske asady.
Zańmen piketteý erekshelikteri belgilengen. Piket ótkizýge tyiym salynǵan jerler men aýmaqtarynyń túpkilikti tizimi anyqtalǵan. Osy jerlerden basqa jerlerde piketke ruqsat etiledi. Beibit jinalystyń osy túrin tańdaǵan azamat arnaiy oryndarda jergilikti ýaqyt boiynsha saǵat 9 ben 20 arasynda turýǵa quqyly. Al arnaiy oryndardan basqa jerlerde turatyn bolsa onyń ýaqyty kúnine eki saǵat bolyp belgilengen.
Jergilikti atqarýshy organdarynyń beibit jinalystardy ótkizýden bas tartýyna sebep bolatyn negizder túpkilikti anyqtaldy. Beibit jinalystar bostandyǵy quqyǵyn buzatyn sheshimder men áreketterge shaǵym jasaý, osy saladaǵy zańnamany buzǵany úshin jaýapkershilikke bailanysty normalar qarastyrylǵan.
Qazaqstan Respýblikasy Parlamenti Senaty zańdy jetildirýge baǵyttalǵan birneshe ózgerister men tolyqtyrýlar engizdi. Olardyń bir toby beibit jinalysty uiymdastyrýshynyń mindetteri men beibit jinalystar ótkizý kezinde tyiym salý negizderin qamtityn, sonymen birge beibit jinalysqa qatysýshynyń áreketine tyiym salý týraly tarmaqtarǵa qatysty boldy.
Zań jobasynda beibit jinalysqa qatysýshylardan óz betin búrkemeýdi, onyń ishinde bet álpetin tanýǵa kedergi keltiretin kiim-keshekti jáne ózge de zattardy paidalanbaýdy talap etý uiymdastyrýshyǵa mindet qylyp júktelgen. Sol siiaqty, beibit jinalysty ótkizý kezinde uiymdastyrýshyǵa bet álpetin tanýǵa kedergi keltiretin kiim-keshekti jáne ózge de zattardy paidalanýǵa tyiym salynǵan.
Bul normalar alynyp tastaldy. Sebebi, kei jagdaida beibit jinalysqa qatysýshylardyń densaýlyǵyn saqtaýǵa bailanysty jeke qorǵanysh quraldaryn paidalaný kajettiligi týyndaýy múmkin. Bundai jaǵdai bolǵan kezde joǵarydaǵy normalar azamattardyń quqyǵyn shekteidi. Sol siiaqty beibit jinalysqa qatysýshynyń densaýlyǵyn saqtaýǵa baǵyttalǵan jeke qorǵanysh quraldaryn paidalanýǵa múmkindik beretin tolyqtyrý engizildi.
Beibit jinalystardy uiymdastyrý jáne ótkizý úshin arnaiy oryndardy belgileý jáne onyń sanyna qatysty suraqtar koterildi, ol qoǵamda da keńinen talqyǵa túsken bolatyn.
Ony eskere otyryp astananyń, respýblikalyq mańyzy bar jáne oblys ortalyqtary bolyp esepteletin qalalar men olardyń quramyna kiretin aýdandarda arnaiy oryndar mindetti túrde ortalyqta ornalasýy jáne olardyń sany úsheýden kem bolmaýy tiis degen sheshim qabyldandy. Bul jinalystar, mitingiler, tosqaýyl qoiýǵa qatysýshylardyń «kóriný men estilý» jáne olardy ótkizý múmkindigin arttyrady.
Qatysýshy nemese qatysýshylar tarapynan zańnyń buzylýy joiylǵan jaǵdaida beibit jinalystardy jalǵastyrýǵa múmkindik beretin mańyzdy normamen tolyqtyryldy.
Zań azamattardyń óz oiyn bildirýge qatysty múmkindikterin keńeitip otyr. Ol elimizdiń qoǵamdyq-saiasi ómirindegi ýaqyt talabyn eskere otyryp demokratiialyq úderisti jalǵastyrýǵa baǵyttalǵan batyl qadam dep aitýǵa bolady.
Sársenbai EŃSEGENOV,
QR Parlamenti Senatynyń depýtaty
