Foto: ernur.kz
Kórseqyzarlyqpen árnáseni ermek qylyp, túkke turǵysyz dúnielerdi de trendke ainaldyryp ala ketetin jasóspirim býyn búginde jappai oraza ustaýdy da jarysqa ainaldyryp bara jatqandai. Halqymyz bul turǵyda «Oraza, namaz toqtyqta» dep taýyp aitqan. Al baliǵat jasyna jetpei, balalardyń ózbilermendiginen óristep kele jatqan bul trend qanshalyqty qaýipti? Árine, orazanyń barsha musylmanǵa paryz etilgenine esh shúbá keltirmeimiz. Biraq bul mysyqtabandap kele jatqan dini fanatizmniń belgisi emes pe eken degen zańdy suraq týady.Bul taqyrypty qozǵaýymyzǵa túrtki bolǵan jaǵdailar da joq emes. Sońǵy jyldary jasóspirimder arasynda, ásirese baliǵatqa tolmaǵan tómengi synyp oqýshylarynyń arasynda aýyz bekitý úrdisi beleń aldy. Árige barmai-aq qoiaiyq, byltyr ǵana elimizdegi mektepterdiń birazynda oqýshylardyń jappai oraza ustaýyna qatysty ata-analar arasynda qyzý talqy bastaldy. Áleýmettik jelige de az shyqpady. Iaǵni synyptas oqýshylar sabaqtan keiin toptasyp dámhanaǵa aýyz asharǵa jii baryp, ata-analaryna qarjylyq salmaq salyp qoisa, keibiri balasynyń dinge erte den qoiǵanyna alańdap, erteńine eleńdep qalǵany bar. Árine qoǵamnyń qyzdardyń oramalymen arpalysqany siiaqty, endi balalardyń aýzymen bekitýimen alysý maqsatymyz emes. Dei turǵanmen, ult bolashaǵynyń, urpaq saýatynyń qamymen osy máselege zer salyp, zerdelep kórgendi jón sanadyq.
Osy jaittyń aq-qarasyn ajyratyp almaq maqsatta túrli salanyń mamandaryn spikerlikke tarttyq. Bir aita keterligi, bizben tildesken tulǵalar jalpy alǵanda balalardyń imandylyqqa jaqyndai túskenin quptaǵanymen, olardyń erte oraza ustaýyna qatysty qarsy pikirin de ashyp aitty. Máselen Jambyl oblystyq qoǵamdyq Ákeler keńesiniń tóraǵasy Rinat Nuraqbaev bala bilim men ǵylymǵa den qoiar shaqta dinmen áýestengenin qalamaitynyn jetkizdi.
"Rasynda kishkentai balalarǵa oraza ne úshin kerek? Osyny bular jete túsinip otyrǵany da shamaly. Oraza degen, eń aldymen Allaǵa qulshylyq amaly. Kiimiń kir bolsa jýyp tazartasyń. Sol siiaqty úlken kisilerdiń pendeshilikpen, kisilikpen, túrli jaǵdailarmen jasap qoiǵan kúnáli isteri bolady. Musylman jamaǵaty osydan tazaraiyn, Jaratýshynyń aldyndaǵy paryzdardy oryndaiyn degen nietpen aýyz bekitedi. Al jas balalardyń aýyz bekitkenine men qosyla qoimaimyn. Olar sabaq oqityn, bilim-ǵylym izdeitin jasta oǵan kóp kóńil bólmeýi kerek. Óitkeni úide ata-anasy, úlkender jaǵy oraza ustap jatsa, sol kisiler duǵa etip, sol kisiler tileýin tilep otyrsa, al balalary saýap jinaǵysy kelse, tapqan tabysy nemese ózderiniń mektepke aparǵan aqshasynan únemdegen azyn-aýlaq tiyn-tebeni bolsa, úidegi úlkenderdiń sáresine, ia aýyz asharyna bir qurma, bir túiir nan ákelip berse de sonyń ózi saýap qoi bala úshin. Al endi olar aýyz bekitip, sáresine turǵan soń uiqysynyń da rejimi buzylyp, tamaqtaný jiiligi men normasy aýytqidy. Balalardyń ishki aǵzasy áli tolyq qalyptasyp bitken joq. Sondyqtan oqýshylar aldymen densaýlyǵyn nyqtap, óz-ózine kelip alýy kerek qoi", – deidi Rinat Nuraqbaev.
Sondai-aq ol balalardyń bas qosyp, aýyz ashar uiymdastyrýyn da abzal isterdiń qataryna jatqyza almaitynyn aitty. Bul jerdegi ózekti másele retinde keibir ata-ananyń qarajattan qysylatynyn atap ótti.
– Aýyz ashar úzilmes úshin kúndelikti aqsha kerek. Osy rette ata-analardyń bárinde birdei qarjylyq múmkindik bar ma degen suraq týady.
Odan keiingi másele, balalar jinalǵan kezde ol otyrysta ne týraly áńgimelesedi? Bir saǵat, eki saǵat otyrady delik. Aýyzashar bolǵannan keiin onyń qulshylyǵy bar. Sol bir-eki saǵatta balalar nemen ainalysady? Quran jattai ma, múmkin aralarynda bóten aǵymǵa qatysy bar ózge adamdar óz ideologiiasyn nasihattap, Islamǵa jat kózqarasty sińire me? Joq álde olar aýyz ashyp bolǵan soń, sol baiaǵy smartfondaǵy oiyndaryna kirip kete me, álde karta oinai ma? Osynyń bárine zer salyp, oi júgirtip jatqan ata-ana bar ma? Sol sebepti men, jeke basym bul tendentsiiaǵa qarsymyn, – degen R.Nuraqbaev kezinde óz balalarynyń da erte jasta aýyz bekitkenine qarsy bolǵan eken.
"Kezinde meniń de balalarymnyń joǵary synypta oqyp júrgen kezinde oraza ustaǵany bar. Men ony asa bir quptai qoimadym. Sebebi óz balamyzdyń densaýlyǵyn óte jaqsy bilemiz ǵoi. Balalardyń kúni boiǵy ashyǵýy saldarynan týǵan azdaǵan syrqatyna bailanysty orazalaryn ýaqytynan buryn ashqan kezderi de boldy. Al mektep bitirip, úlken azamat retinde kózqarasy qalyptasyp, densaýlyqtary bekigennen keiin qazir orazany úzbei ustap júr.
Biz qazirgi ata-analar, óz balalarymyzǵa ie bola almai júrmiz. Sondyqtan da barynsha sanany oiataiyq. Balany uiyqtaityn ýaqytynda uiyqtataiyq, denesi shynyǵatyn kezinde shynyqtyraiyq, tamaq ishetin kezde tamaǵyn bereiik, blim alyp, oqý oqityn kezinde oqytaiyq. Qalǵan nárseni kámelettik jasqa tolyp, úlken azamat bolǵan soń ózderiniń sheshimimen qabyldai jatar. Al bala ata-ananyń qamqorlyǵynda júrgen shaqta ata-ana qaitken kúnde de balalarymyzǵa bas-kóz bolyp, baqylaýdan shyǵarmaiyq", – deidi R.Nuraqbaev.
Al dintanýshy ǵalym Keńshilik Tyshhanuly mektepte kúzde qyzdardyń oramalyna, oraza kezinde tómengi synyp oqýshylarynyń aýyz bekitýine qatysty másele týyndaitynyn atap ótti. Biraq bulardyń asa bir tragediialyq jaǵdai emes ekenin jetkizdi.
"Elimizde dindi ustanatyndardyń, ia bolmasa praktikalyq túrde qoldanatyndardyń qatary óte az. Halyq sanynyń 4-5% kóleminde ǵana. Sonyń ishinde balalary oraza ustaityn otbasylardyń da sany az dep oilaimyn. Biraq soǵan qaramastan mektepterde balalar qyzyǵýshylyqpen aýyz bekitip jatady. Eger balalar jas bolsa, býyny áli bekimegen bolsa, asqazanyna ziian keletin bolsa oǵan balany qinaýdyń qajeti joq. Aǵza ósip, órkendep otyrý qajet, únemi tamaqtaný qajet. Sondyqtan mundai jaǵdaida, jalpy dinniń ózinde orazany balalarǵa mindetti túrde ustaý kerek degen talap joq. Endi bastaýysh, orta synyptaǵylar baliǵat jasyna tolmaǵan balalar ǵoi. Qyzyǵýshylyqpen ózderi ustaǵysy keletin shyǵar. Degenmen de keibir jaǵdailarda radikaldy toptaǵy ókilder balalaryna oraza ustatýy múmkin. Ondai jaǵdaidy mektep ákimshiligi anyqtaýy kerek. Bala áke-sheshesinen qorqyp oraza ustaityn bolsa, ondai kezde muǵalimder balalarmen, olardyń ata-analarymen jumys júrgizý kerek. Al jalpy alǵan kezde, jappai qaýip tónedi, erteń munyń arty radikalizmge ainalady, aýqymdy islamdaný keledi degen siiaqty qaýipti tendentsiia kútý orynsyz. Óitkeni oraza ustaǵan adamdardyń barlyǵyna erteńgi kúni radikaldanyp ketedi dep qaraý asa bir alańdarlyq jait emes. Ekinshiden mynaý arab ekspansiiasy degen tirkesti de baiqap qoldanýymyz kerek. Iaǵni arabquldyq, ia bolmasa ulttyń arabtanýy degen siiaqty kózqaraspen qaraý durys emes. Abab pen orazanyń esh qatysy joq. Oraza – Islamnyń bes paryzynyń biri. Ózin musylmanmyn dep sanaityn árbir adamnyń oryndaýǵa tyrysatyn izgi amaldarynyń biri. Biraq onyń balalardyń densaýlyǵyna qaraý kerek, aýrýy bar jandarǵa muqiiat bolý kerek degen siiaqty talaptary bar. Sondyqtan munyń da bir aqylǵa salǵan abzal jolyn tabýǵa bolady. Joǵary synypta oqityn, ia bolmasa densaýlyǵy myqty, oraza ustaǵan kezde ózin jeńil sezinetindei jaǵdai bolsa, onda onyń dini senim bostandyǵyn taptaýyna haqysy joq. Biraq endi bastaýysh, orta synyptaǵy balalardy oraza ustaýǵa májbúrlep, kushpen ashyqtyrý durys emes", – deidi dintanýshy ǵalym, filosofiia ǵylymdarynyń kandidaty Keńshilik Tyshhanuly.
Ótken aptada Májilis kýlýarynda Oqý-aǵartý ministriniń orynbasary Edil Ospan jýrnalisterdiń oqýshylardyń jappai oraza ustaýyna qatysty suraǵyna jaýap berdi. Onyń aitýynsha, elimizde oqýshylardyń oraza ustaý trendi baiqalmaǵan.
"Bul endi ata-analardyń kózqarasyna tikelei bailanysty. Balalar ózdiginen oraza ustaý, jalpy ózge de dini ǵuryptar boiynsha sheshim qabaldamaidy. Buǵan eresekter tikelei áser etedi jáne osy baǵytta biz ata-analarmen jumys júrgizý barysynda aityp otyramyz. Balalardyń densaýlyǵynyń laiyqty damýy úshin olardyń tolyqqandy tamaqtanýy óte mańyzdy. Osy máselege erekshe nazar aýdaramyz", – dedi vitse-ministr.
Sondai-aq ol balalardyń Aýyz bekitýi balanyń densaýlyǵyna jáne basqa da jaǵdailaryna, oqýyna keri áserin tigizetinin joqqa shyǵarmady.
Bul máselede dárigerdiń de pikiri, keńesi asa mańyzdy. Astana qalasynda jalpy tájiribelik dáriger bolyp eńbek etetin Nurbaný Berdimbetova uzaq ýaqyt boiy ashyǵý jáne odan keiin birden toiyp tamaqtaný as qorytý júiesi aýrýlarynyń týýyna sebepshi bolatynyn aitty.
"Úlkender jaǵy bul máselede kóbine muqiiat keledi. Al tamaqqa shydamsyz oiyn balasy erteńgi aýrýdy qaidan oilasyn? Azannan keshke deiin nár tatpai, bosap qalǵan asqazandy aýyz asharda birden toltyryp alýdyń saldary syrqatqa uryndyrýy ábden múmkin. Odan bólek, oraza kezinde uiqynyń da rejimi buzylady. Erte turǵan eresekter kóbine sáresiden keiin qaita uiyqtap qalmai namazyn oqyp, ózge de qulshylyǵyn ótep, keibiri jumysyna jinalady. Al balalar qaita jatyp, uiyqtap qalady. Táýliktiń belgili kezeńinde aǵzada gormon bólinetin sátter bolady. Iaǵni túngi, tańǵa jýyq uiqydaǵy gormon bóliner kezde adam uiyqtaýy kerek. Sosyn keshke deiin jata bermei, oiaý júretin kezde uiyqtamaý kerek. Qysqasy osy uiqy men oiaý júretin shaqtyń durys rettelmeýinen aǵzada gormondyq aýytqýshylyqtar paida bolyp, bul óz kezeginde densaýlyqtyń buzylýyna, tipti keibir syrqattardyń týýyna sebepshi bolýy ábden múmkin. Árine tamaq normasy men ratsiony, uiqy rejimi durys saqtalsa, balalardyń da oraza ustaýynda turǵan eshteńe joq. Másele sol ata-analardyń balany durys qadaǵalamaýynda bolyp tur. Menińshe, tómengi synyp oqýshylarynyń oraza ustaýy meditsina turǵysynan quptarlyq is emes", – deidi dáriger.
Jalpy, qasietti aidaǵy qulshylyq arqyly musylman adam kúnálarynan arylǵysy keledi. Al kúná jasamaq túgili, áli ońy men solyn tanyp úlgermegen balalardyń aýyz bekitýdegi maqsaty ne? Múmkin búgingi býynnyń rýhani turǵydan erte jetilip, iman bailyǵynyń arta bastaǵany ma?
