Foto: medbalance.org.il
Qazaqstanda keiingi 15 jylda qant diabetine shaldyǵý kórsetkishi 3,5 ese ósti. Ásirese koronavirýs epidemiiasynan keiin naýqastardyń sany artqan. Endokrinologtardyń aitýynsha, aýrý tipti jasaryp keledi. Dárigerler onyń aldyn alý úshin salaýatty ómir saltyn ustaný óte mańyzdy ekenin aitady, - dep habarlaidy "Ult aqparat" newsroom.mnu.kz-ke silteme jasap.
Halyqaralyq qant diabeti federatsiiasynyń málimetinshe, álemde shamamen 537 mln adamda qant diabeti bar. Bul kórsetkish 2030 jylǵa qarai 643 mln-ǵa kóterilse, 2045 jylǵa qarai 783 mln-ǵa jetedi dep boljanyp otyr. Al áli anyqtalmaǵan diabetpen aýyryp júrgender sany – 240 mln-ǵa jýyq adam.
Qant diabetiniń negizgi simptomdaryna shóldiń qanbaýy, kishi dárettiń jiileýi, kózdiń bulyńǵyrlanýy, sharshaý, salmaqtyń túsýi men kóbeiýi jatady. Ýaqyt óte kele sýsamyr júrektiń, kózdiń, búirektiń, sondai-aq júike júiesiniń zaqymdalýyna ákelýi múmkin.
“Tez sharshap, qatty shóldei berdim. Tańerteńnen keshke deiin sý ishsem de, shólim qanbaityn. Sosyn júikem aýyrǵan saiyn tamaqty kóp ishe beretinmin”, – deidi almatylyq Erlan Nurjanov.
51 jastaǵy Nurjanov qant diabetimen aýyryp júrgenine 20 jyl bolǵanyn aitady. Onyń sózinshe, aýrý tuqym qýalaidy.
“Bizdiń úide 10 bala [bar]. Onyń beseýi qant diabetine shaldyqqan. Ókinishke qarai, aýrýdyń asqynýyna bailanysty úsheýi qaitys boldy. Endokrinolog otbasyda úshten artyq adamda diabet bar bolsa, ol genetikalyq faktor bolatynyn aitqan. Ákemiz erte qaitys boldy. Anamyz aitqandai, ol kisi sýdy óte kóp ishken eken. Sondyqtan diabet ákemizden berildi dep oilaimyz”, – dedi ol.
Astana qalasy №1 kópbeiindi qalalyq aýrýhanada endokrinolog bolyp jumys isteitin Janar Qamitbekovanyń sózinshe, diabet 4 túrge bólinedi.
“Sýsamyrdyń birinshi túrimen ádette 0 jastan 35-40 jasqa deiingi insýlinge táýeldi adamdar aýyrady. Ekinshi túrimen aýyratyn adamdar insýlinge táýeldi bolmaidy, olar dári-dármek ishý arqyly emdeledi. Sýsamyrdyń úshinshi túri gibridti, iaǵni birinshi túr men ekinshi túrdiń aralasýynan paida bolady. Diabettiń sońǵy tórtinshi túri gestatsiondy dep atalady jáne ol júktilik kezinde damidy”, – dedi dáriger.
Nurjanov sýsamyrdyń ekinshi túrimen aýyrady. Byltyr shilde aiynda Ystambulda aýrýǵa qarsy ota jasatty. Otaǵa deiin qandaǵy qant deńgeii 27 bolsa, otadan keiin 7-ge túsken. Óziniń aitýynsha, qazirgi jaǵdaiy jaqsy.
Densaýlyq saqtaý ministrliginiń dereginshe, elde 439 327 eresek adam men 5132 bala qant diabetine shaldyqqan. Sýsamyr áleýmettik mańyzy bar aýrýlar sanatyna jatady jáne TMKKK (tegin meditsinalyq kómektiń kepildendirilgen kólemi) men MÁMS (mindetti áleýmettik meditsinalyq saqtandyrý) júiesi arqyly qarjylandyrylady. Iaǵni, diagnoz qoiylǵan barlyq patsient tolyq kólemde tegin emdele alady.
Endokrinolog-dietolog Lázzat Januzaqova Qazaqstanda sýsamyrmen aýyrý sońǵy 15 jyl ishinde 3,5 ese ósti deidi.
“Ásirese, koronavirýs epidemiiasynan keiin, 2021-2022 jyldary jaǵdai ýshyǵyp ketti. Kóbinese úlken adamdar aýyrdy, biraq balalar da qalyspady. 2021-2022 jyldary 382 myń adam aýyrdy. Onyń ishinde 30 myńǵa jýyǵy birinshi tiptiler, 352 myńy ekinshi tiptiler boldy”, – dedi dáriger.
Sonymen qatar, Lázzat Januzaqova aýrýdyń jasaryp jatqanyn qosa aitty.
“Aýrý shyn máninde jasaryp kele jatyr. Onyń jasarýy kóp jaǵdaida balalardyń jep júrgen fast-fýd taǵamdaryna bailanysty. Mysaly, gazdalǵan sýsyndar, energetikterdiń quramynda qant kóp mólsherde bolady. Olardyń bári diabettiń paida bolýyna áser etedi”, – dedi ol.
Astana qalasy №1 kópbeiindi qalalyq aýrýhana endokrinology Janar Qamitbekova da bul tujyrymmen kelisedi.
“Qant diabetimen aýyrý kórsetkishi ósip jatyr. Ásirese koronavirýstan keiin kóbeiip ketti. 2023 jylǵy statistika boiynsha, Astana qalasynda dispanserlik esepte 35 myń naýqas boldy. Onyń 2 myńy – balalar. Jyl saiyn 2300 naýqas tekseristen ótedi. Olardyń 70 paiyzy ekinshi tip diabetimen aýyrsa, qalǵan 30 paiyzynda – diabettiń birinshi túri”, – deidi Qamitbekova.
Dúniejúzilik densaýlyq saqtaý uiymynyń dereginshe, qant diabetiniń simptomdary kenetten paida bola alady. Ásirese 2-tipti qant diabetiniń belgileri jeńil ótip, olardyń naqty anyqtalǵanyna deiin birneshe jyl qajet bolýy múmkin. Ýaqyt óte kele aýrý júrekke, kózge, búirekke, sondai-aq júike júiesine zaqym keltirýi yqtimal.
59 jastaǵy Astana qalasynyń turǵyny Svetlana Janataiqyzy da sýsamyrdyń ekinshi túrimen aýyrady. Ol 2002 jyldan beri aýrýmen kúresip keledi.
“Sol jyly 40 kún boiy tamaq ishpegenimnen paida boldy dep oilaimyn. Qatty shóldei bergen soń emhanaǵa bardym. Sol kezde diagnoz qoidy. Qazir áli de densaýlyǵymda problemalar bar. Qol-aiaǵym uiidy, dári ishemin. Dieta ustanamyn”, – dep oiyn bólisti ol.
Qazir Svetlana táýligine 4 ýaqyt insýlin qabyldaidy.
“Dáriler qant deńgeiin jaqsy saqtap tursa da, basqa jaǵynan keri áserin tigizip jatyr. Qan qysymym tómendep, bulshyq etterim aýyryp, jii qusqym kelip júr. Sondyqtan ázirge ishýdi doǵarýǵa sheshim qabyldadym. Ary qarai ne bolatynyn endi kórermiz”, – dedi Janataiqyzy.
Diabettiń kóbeiýiniń negizgi sebepteri retinde Lázzat Januzaqova túrli virýstyń áserinen immýnitettiń tómendeýi men salaýatty ómir saltyn ustanbaýdy atap ótti. Sondai-aq úlken kisilerde diabet aǵzada túrli vitaminderdiń jetispeýshiliginen týyndaitynyn aitty.
“Qazir emhanalarda MÁMS arqyly tegin emdelýge bolady. Meditsinalyq esepke turǵan naýqastarǵa tegin dáriler beriledi. Buryn tek bir túrin berse, qazir birneshe túri beriledi. Biraq bul dáriler keide jetpei qalyp jatady. Birinshi tippen aýyryp júrgen 18 jasqa deiingi balalarǵa 2012-2013 jyldardan beri pompa apparaty tegin beriledi. Bul óte qymbat apparat, sondyqtan ony alý úshin meditsinalyq esepte turý qajet”, – dedi endokrinolog-dietolog.
Janar Qamitbekovanyń aitýynsha, pompa apparatyn Astana qalasynda 1,5 myń bala qoldanady.
Sonymen qatar, diabettiń paida bolýyna virýstardyń mýtatsiiasy da áser etedi. Naqtyraq aitqanda, virýstar uiqy beziniń jasýshalaryn buzyp, diabetke alyp keledi.
“Aýrýdyń aldyn alý adamnyń ózine bailanysty. Eń aldymen salaýatty ómir saltyn ustaný kerek. Sportpen shuǵyldaný kerek. Vitaminderdi ýaqtyly ishý kerek. Túngi uiqy durys bolýy kerek”, – dedi endokrinolog Januzaqova.
Uiqynyń mańyzdylyǵy týraly endokrinologtar beker aitpaidy. Óitkeni Shvetsiianyń Ýpssala ýniversitetiniń zertteýshileri az uiyqtaýdyń diabetke ákep soǵatynyn dáleldedi. Olar Britan biobankindegi derekter bazasyn paidalanyp, naýryz aiynyń basynda zertteýin jariialaǵan.
Zertteýdiń nátijesine sáikes, kúnine 3-5 saǵat uiyqtaityn adamnyń táýligine 7-8 saǵat uiyqtaityn adamǵa qaraǵanda diabettiń ekinshi túrine shaldyǵý qaýpi 1,5 ese kóp ekeni belgili bolǵan.
